Thekkady’s development is closely linked to the creation of the Periyar Wildlife Sanctuary, one of India’s most well-known protected areas. The sanctuary was established in the early 20th century following the construction of the Mullaperiyar Dam, which created a large artificial lake that now forms the centerpiece of the reserve. Historically, the region has been associated with spice cultivation, particularly cardamom, pepper, and cinnamon, which were key components of Kerala’s spice trade. The plantations in and around Thekkady continue this legacy, contributing to both the local economy and cultural identity. The region’s heritage reflects a blend of natural conservation and agricultural traditions, making it an important part of Kerala’s ecological and economic history.